变形的经向环流变化方程及其在诊断阻塞高压形成中的应用   总被引：5，自引：2，他引：5  

陆日宇  黄荣辉 《大气科学》1996,20(2):138-148

本文推导出可以用来讨论大尺度扰动强迫对平均经圈环流作用的变形平均经圈环流变化方程，并利用此方程对北半球冬季4次阻塞高压的形成进行了诊断分析。分析结果表明:由于波动对经圈环流的强迫作用，使高压脊的西部南风加强，而东部北风加强，从而有利于阻塞高压的形成。文中还分别分析了瞬变波及其低频瞬变波部分在阻塞高压形成中对经圈环流的强迫作用，并讨论了低频瞬变波强迫在太平洋和大西洋地区阻塞高压形成的地域差别。  相似文献   

2018年春季气候异常及可能成因分析   总被引：3，自引：3，他引：0  

王遵娅  柳艳菊  丁婷  李多  洪洁莉 《气象》2018,44(10):1360-1369

2018年春季全国平均气温为1961年来最高,全国大部地区气温普遍偏高,尤其是长江以南及中国北方的中部区域偏高明显。全国平均降水量较常年略偏多,呈东部地区“南少北多”,华西降水偏多,而江南南部至华南、西北西部的部分地区降水偏少的分布特点。自北大西洋经欧亚大陆至东北亚中高纬上空的纬向波列及东亚低层维持的异常偏南气流是2018年春季中国气候异常的重要原因,且乌拉尔山以东的低槽和东北亚上空的高脊是关键环流系统。亚洲中低纬上空均为异常高压脊控制,尤其是东北亚上空的高脊造成了2018年春季中国大部地区气温偏高。乌拉尔山以东低槽有利于冷空气爆发南下而东北亚上空的高脊引导西北太平洋暖湿气流向西向北影响我国,冷暖气流交汇从而造成了长江以北地区及华西降水偏多,而南海至西太平洋上空的异常气旋则导致江南南部至华南少雨。另外,虽然2017/2018年冬季发生了一次弱的La Ni〖AKn~D〗a事件,并且2018年春季北大西洋三极子模态（NAT）呈较强的正位相,但其对中国2018年春季降水异常影响较小,而以大气环流的影响为主导。进一步分析发现,乌拉尔山以东的低槽和东北亚上空的高脊与中国春季温度和降水具有很好的相关性,易于造成中国气温偏高;东部降水“南少北多”且华西多雨。两个关键环流系统间存在显著的负相关关系,且均与欧亚遥相关（EU）波列关系密切。同时,东北亚上空的脊还与北极涛动（AO）正位相具有高相关。  相似文献   

振荡型Rossby孤立波与大气阻塞     

陈忠明  缪强  陶杰  刘富明 《成都信息工程学院学报》1998,(2)

从正压涡度方程出发,在弱非线性和弱基流切变条件下,导得了描述非线性大气长波活动的推广的Ｋｄｖ方程,并得到了方程的孤立波解及其色散关系。取近似于实际大气运动的物理参数作数值计算,得到了振荡型Ｒｏｓｂｙ孤立波的水平结构和移动特征,其结果较之寻常的Ｋｄｖ孤立波更接近于实际大气中的阻塞流型。  相似文献   

切变气流中地形强迫激发的非线性长波   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

蒋后硕  吕克利 《高原气象》1998,17(3):231-244

经推导得到了包括地形和耗散的ＦＫｄＶ－Ｂｕｒｇｅｒｓ方程,利用数值解讨论了地表强迫激发的弧波演变以及移动性孤波与地形的相互作用,结果显示,对于α〉０或α〈０,不论是在气旋式切变气流还是反气旋式切变气流中,地形都能在强迫激发出定常孤波,在其下游产生调制椭圆余弦波列的背风波,当α＝０时,在反气旋式切变气流中强迫区产生的是大振幅定常孤波,气旋式切变气流中强迫区产生的是复杂的非定常孤波,地形强迫产生的ｍ＝  相似文献   

东亚-太平洋遥相关型波列对夏季东北亚阻塞高压年际变化的影响   总被引：34，自引：10，他引：24  

陆日宇  黄荣辉 《大气科学》1998,22(5):727-734

利用1980～1988年9年的观测资料,分析了夏季东北亚阻塞高压的年际变化及其与江淮地区夏季降水之间的关系,指出夏季东北亚阻塞高压具有十分明显的年际变化,同时它与江淮地区夏季降水之间存在着较密切的关系:当夏季东北亚阻塞高压频发时,江淮地区降水偏多;而当夏季东北亚阻塞高压维持日数少时,江淮地区降水偏少。为考察产生上述结果的原因,我们分析了全球海温异常,并利用合成的热带西太平洋海温异常模拟研究了热带西太平洋海温异常对东北亚阻塞高压形成和维持的影响。最后指出热带西太平洋海温异常引起的东亚-太平洋型遥相关波列是产生夏季东北亚阻塞高压的年际变化及其与江淮地区夏季降水之间关系的一个重要原因。  相似文献   

注浆技术在柠条塔煤矿胶运大巷堵水工程中的应用     

周新莉 《煤田地质与勘探》2008,36(5)

柠条塔矿在3-1煤胶运大巷掘进中因发生涌水而终止掘进。通过对充水条件及特征的调查、分析及判断,得出该巷道涌水是因3-1煤层裂隙导水所致。采取对巷道两侧超前帷幕长孔渗透注浆和工作面短孔补充注浆相结合的方法,有效地控制了煤层段的涌水,使井巷掘进顺利穿越了约400 m长的3-1煤层,并完成了全部的支护工作。  相似文献   

Petrology and retrograde P-T path for eclogites of the Maksyutov Complex, Southern Ural Mountains, Russia     

R. J. Beane    J. G. Liou    R. G. Coleman  M. L. Leech 《Island Arc》1995,4(4):254-266

Abstract The Maksyutov Complex, situated in the southern Ural Mountains of Russia, is the first location where quartz aggregates within garnets exhibiting radial fractures were identified as coesite pseudomorphs (Chesnokov & Popov 1965). The complex consists of two tectonic units: a structurally lower eclogite-bearing schist unit and an overlying meta-ophiolite unit. Both units show evidence for multiple stages of metamorphism and deformation. The high-pressure metamorphism of the eclogite-bearing schist unit, discussed in this report, is suspected to be related to a collision between the Russian platform and a fragment of the Siberian continent during the early Cambrian. At least three stages of metamorphism (M_1-3) and two stages of deformation (S₁ and S₂) were observed in thin sections: M₁) garnet (Alm_55-60, Prp_22-28, Grs_16-20) + omphacite (Jd_46-56) + phengite (Si ≅ 3.5) + rutile; M₂) garnet + glaucophane ± lawsonite + white mica; and M₃) epidote + chlorite ± albite ± actinolite + white mica. Observed mineral parageneses define a retrograde P-T path for the eclogite. Mineral assemblages within the most representative eclogite from the lower unit of the Maksyutov Complex indicate minimum peak pressures of 15 kbar at temperatures of approximately 600°C. If the presence of coesite pseudomorph is confirmed, the peak ultrahigh-pressure metamorphism may be as high as 27 kbar at 615°C.  相似文献   

NONLINEAR SCHRÖDINGER EQUATION IN THE ROTATIONAL BAROTROPIC ATMOSPHERE AND ATMOSPHERIC BLOCKING     

Luo Dehai 《气象学报》1991,5(5):587-597

In this paper,the WKB method is used to obtain the nonlinear Schrödinger equation satisfied by nonlinear Rossby wave in the rotational barotropic atmosphere.It is found that the nonlinear Schrödinger equation has an envelope solitary wave solution under the condition 1≤m≤2(m the zonal wavenumber),and the phase speed of envelope solitary Rossby wave in the atmosphere is related to the square of its amplitude linearly,that is,the larger the amplitude of envelope solitary Rossby wave,the smaller its propagation speed.Farthermore,the blocking high and cut-off low pressures which are consistent with the observations of blocking in the atmosphere are obtained by calculating envelope solitary Rossby wave,and the blocking structures persist more than five days,the results demonstrate that the envelope solitary Rossby wave is a possible mechanism about the formation,maintenance and breakout of blocking in the atmosphere.  相似文献   

THE EFFECT OF ISOLATED TOPOGRAPHY ON WEST FLOW     

Zhang Pei  Ni Yunqi 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》1991,5(5):577-586

With the Fourier-expanding expression of isolated topography,the forcing of isolated topography is studiedin this paper.In the initial condition of steady uniform west flow in β-plan channel model,the approximatesolution of quasi-geostrophic potential vorticity equation is obtained.The results indicate that a series ofsteady topographic standing and transient waves can be produced by the forcing of isolated topography.Thewave can move eastward or westward according to the wave scales.The most slowly Rossby wave is thestrongest wave.So is the standing wave corresponding to the wave number.The main action of topographyis to produce these strong waves.It is suggested that action of topography is one of the main causes to pro-duce low frequency oscillation and long-range steady weather.  相似文献   

NONLINEAR SCHRODINGER EQUATION IN THE ROTATIONAL BAROTROPIC ATMOSPHERE AND ATMOSPHERIC BLOCKING     

罗德海 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》1991,(5)

In this paper,the WKB method is used to obtain the nonlinear Schr(?)dinger equation satisfied by nonlinearRossby wave in the rotational barotropic atmosphere.It is found that the nonlinear Schr(?)dinger equation hasan envelope solitary wave solution under the condition 1≤m≤2(m the zonal wavenumber),and the phasespeed of envelope solitary Rossby wave in the atmosphere is related to the square of its amplitude linearly,thatis,the larger the amplitude of envelope solitary Rossby wave,the smaller its propagation speed.Farthermore,the blocking high and cut-off low pressures which are consistent with the observations of blocking in the atmo-sphere are obtained by calculating envelope solitary Rossby wave,and the blocking structures persist more thanfive days,the results demonstrate that the envelope solitary Rossby wave is a possible mechanism about theformation,maintenance and breakout of blocking in the atmosphere.  相似文献